| 摘 要： |
With its low latency, high data rates, improved reliability, and mobility support, the 5G technology offers a transformative solution for specialized scenarios such as military operations. This paper introduces a NATO 5G Testbed designed as a modular and adaptable platform to explore key enablers such as Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB), Sidelink communications, and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS), aligned with military communication needs, enabling more sophisticated scenarios in the field. The proposed Testbed allows the implementation, testing, and validation of these technologies in relevant military scenarios, addressing challenges like spectrum scarcity, infrastructure flexibility, and secure, high-mobility communications. It comprises a customizable architecture leveraging open-source frameworks, such as OpenAirInterface (OAI), for both software and hardware configurations, including portable deployments for field testing. The paper provides a technical overview of the Testbed setup and discusses the implementation and preliminary results of IAB, Sidelink, and DSS functionalities. These results highlight the potential of these technologies to improve operational efficiency in tactical communications. This paper was originally presented at the NATO Science and Technology Organization Symposium (ICMCIS) organized by the Information Systems Technology (IST) Scientific and Technical Committee, IST-209-RSY - the ICMCIS, held in Oeiras, Portugal, 13-14 May 2025.
5G技术凭借其低延迟、高数据速率、增强的可靠性以及对移动性的支持，为军事行动等特殊场景提供了变革性解决方案。本文介绍了一套专为北约设计的5G测试平台，该平台采用模块化和可扩展架构，旨在探索集成接入与回传（IAB）、边沿链路通信（Sidelink）以及动态频谱共享（DSS）等关键技术，满足军用通信需求，从而支持更复杂的实地应用场景。该测试平台能够实现这些技术在相关军事环境中的部署、测试与验证，有效应对频谱资源短缺、基础设施灵活性不足以及安全、高速移动通信等挑战。平台采用开源框架（如OpenAirInterface，OAI），构建了可定制化的软硬件架构，支持便携式部署，便于现场测试。本文对测试平台的搭建进行了技术概述，并讨论了IAB、Sidelink和DSS功能的实施情况及初步测试结果。这些结果凸显了相关技术在提升战术通信运营效率方面的潜力。本文最初于2025年5月13日至14日在葡萄牙奥埃拉斯举行的北约科学技术组织研讨会（ICMCIS）上发表，该会议由信息系统技术（IST）科学与技术委员会（IST-209-RSY - ICMCIS）主办。 |
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