| 标 题： |
3D printing assisted biofabrication of oxidized guar gum/agar-agar/salvianolic acid hydrogels
3D打印辅助的氧化瓜尔胶/琼脂/香蜂草酸水凝胶生物制造 |
| 作 者： |
Batul, Rahila
Gillani, syed muneeb haider
Ghouri, aima
Mehmood, basit
Fayyaz, Isra
Hassoun, shimaa mahmoud
Parveen, Nuzhat
Hussain, malik asif
Khaliq, abdul
Alshammari, Maali D.
Rehman, Muhammad Atiq Ur
CHINA NetworkBatul, Rahila
Gillani, syed |
| 关键词： |
Wound healing [伤口愈合]
3D printing [3D打印]
Oxidized guar gum [氧化瓜尔胶]
Salvianolic acid [水飞蓟酸]
Biofabrication [生物制造] |
| 出版年： |
2025 |
| 期刊名： |
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
先进制造技术国际杂志 |
| 年卷期： |
|
| 摘 要： |
Skin loss is the rapidly growing problem that is caused by the trauma, burns and ulcers which results in the skin cells death and hinders the regeneration process. 3D printing is a fascinating technology that could produce the skin constructs according to the desired skin geometry and provides cell adherence. Herein, we developed a novel combination of ink composed of oxidized guar gum (OGG), agar-agar (AA), and salvianolic acid (SA) for 3D direct ink write printing. The ink was customized to form a homogeneous blend, and the blend showed a favorable shear thinning behavior with the flow behavior index "n" value of 0.21 as determined by the rheological characterization. The 3D printed scaffold showed a rough and interconnected porous structure and a favorable layer fidelity observed from the optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of all the chemical bonds associated with the OGG, AA, and SA. The scaffold depicted hydrophilic character and swell upon immersion in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS), as determined by contact angle measurements and swelling ratio. The scaffold depicted a biodegradable behavior (weight loss similar to 69% at day 7) and the effective SA release (similar to 71% at day 14). The scaffold depicted an inhibition zone of 18 mm against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and 15 mm against Escherichia coli (E. coli) which proved the antibacterial efficacy of the scaffold. The scaffold showed a cytocompatible behavior with the cell viability of similar to 103% at day 7 observed by water-soluble tetrazolium (WST)-8 assay and promotes the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which proved that the fabricated scaffolds promoted new vessels forming ability from the existing vessels. Hence, 3D printed OGG/AA/SA scaffold is a worthful candidate to treat severe skin burns/wounds.
皮肤损伤是一种日益严重的问题，由创伤、烧伤和溃疡引起，导致皮肤细胞死亡并阻碍再生过程。3D打印技术是一种令人着迷的技术，能够根据所需的皮肤几何形状制造出皮肤结构，并实现细胞附着。在此，我们开发了一种新型墨水组合，由氧化瓜尔胶（OGG）、琼脂-琼脂（AA）和萨利安醇酸（SA）组成，用于3D直接喷墨打印。该墨水经过定制调配，形成均匀的混合物，经流变学表征测定，其剪切稀释行为良好，流动指数“n”值为0.21。3D打印的支架表现出粗糙且相互连通的多孔结构，光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示了良好的层间一致性。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）证实了OGG、AA和SA之间所有化学键的存在。通过接触角测量和膨胀比分析，该支架具有亲水性，在磷酸盐缓冲盐水（PBS）中浸润后发生膨胀。该支架表现出可生物降解的特性（第7天时重量损失约为69%），以及有效的SA释放（第14天时释放量约为71%）。支架对金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）具有18毫米的抑制区，对大肠杆菌（E. coli）则为15毫米，证实了其抗菌效果。通过水溶性四唑盐（WST-8）检测，支架在第7天表现出与细胞相容的特性，细胞存活率约为103%，并促进血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的释放，表明所制备的支架能够促进现有血管形成新血管。因此，3D打印的OGG/AA/SA支架是治疗严重皮肤烧伤/伤口的有前景候选材料。 |
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